Add GST to a price or take it out of a GST-inclusive amount, with the split into CGST and SGST for sales within a state, or IGST between states. Includes the new 5%, 18% and 40% slabs.
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How GST is calculated
- Adding GST: GST = amount × rate. ₹10,000 at 18% is ₹1,800 GST, total ₹11,800.
- Removing GST: price before GST = amount ÷ (1 + rate). ₹11,800 including 18% GST is ₹10,000 plus ₹1,800 GST.
- Within a state: GST is split equally into CGST and SGST (9% + 9% at 18%).
- Between states: the full rate is charged as IGST.
GST rate structure
Since 22 September 2025, most goods and services fall into two main slabs: 5% for essentials and many everyday items, and 18% as the standard rate. A 40% rate applies to a small group of luxury and “sin” goods. Some items remain exempt, and special rates apply to gold and silver (3%) and rough diamonds (0.25%). The older 12% and 28% slabs are included for checking past invoices.
Worked example
A shop in Mumbai sells a product for ₹2,360 including 18% GST to a customer in Maharashtra. The taxable value is ₹2,000, with ₹180 CGST and ₹180 SGST. If it sells to a customer in Karnataka, the invoice shows ₹360 IGST instead.
Frequently asked questions
How do I calculate GST from a total amount?
Divide the total by 1 plus the rate. For 18%, divide by 1.18 to get the price before GST, and subtract to find the GST.
What are the current GST slabs?
Mainly 5% and 18%, with 40% for selected luxury and sin goods, plus 0%, 3% and 0.25% for specific items.
What is the difference between CGST, SGST and IGST?
CGST and SGST are charged together on sales within a state. IGST is charged on sales between states and on imports.
How do I find the GST rate for my product?
Check the HSN code (goods) or SAC code (services) on the GST portal or the CBIC rate notifications.
Sources
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